Electrical guide

Understanding Volts, Amps, Watts, and Ohms

Electrical planning often starts with simple relationships, but it is important to know when those relationships stop being enough.

The simple relationship

For basic resistive calculations, watts equals volts times amps. Ohm's Law connects voltage, current, and resistance.

Phase and power factor can change current

AC loads may need power factor and phase information. Three-phase kW-to-amps calculations use a different formula than single-phase loads.

Load current is not final circuit design

Breaker, conductor, continuous-load, temperature, and installation rules can all change final circuit requirements.

Use the right calculator for the question

Use watts/amps/volts for simple conversions, Ohm's Law for resistance relationships, and kW-to-amps when phase and power factor matter.

Related Calculators

How to use this guidance

Use guides to understand calculator assumptions and next checks. Final design and installation decisions should still follow local requirements, manufacturer data, and qualified professional review where required. See how BuildCalcTools calculators work.